Just like first-trimester screening, Non-invasive prenatal testing, commonly known as NIPT testing, is a significant advancement in the field of prenatal care. This is a type of genetic screening that examines fetal DNA in the mother’s blood to detect chromosomal abnormalities. It specialises in providing information if a developing baby has the risk of chromosomal disorders or anomalies. This testing method has revolutionized prenatal diagnosis by providing a safer and more accurate way to detect genetic conditions in the fetus.
The Purpose and Advantages of NIPT Testing
Why is NIPT Testing Done?
The primary purpose of NIPT testing is to provide expectant parents with crucial information about their unborn child’s health. This non-invasive prenatal testing method is conducted to screen for specific chromosomal abnormalities, including Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, and Patau syndrome. Additionally, the test checks for sex chromosome disorders like Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Triple X syndrome, and XYY syndrome.
The Benefits of Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing
NIPT testing has proved to be advantageous to many parents. Here is why:
- Safety: NIPT is a non-invasive test, meaning it poses no risk to the mother or the fetus. The process involves drawing a small amount of blood from the mother.
- High Accuracy: NIPT has a high detection rate of up to 99% for Down’s syndrome at a fetal fraction of 8% or more, making it a reliable tool for Trisomy 21 screening.
- Comprehensive Screening: NIPT screens for several chromosomal disorders such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18), Patau syndrome (trisomy 13), and conditions affecting sex chromosomes (X and Y).
- Reduced Need for Further Tests: In most cases, a negative NIPT test result eliminates the need for further invasive diagnostic tests.
The non-invasive prenatal testing cost is about Rs. 15,000 in Kolkata. However, it can vary based on several factors, including location, insurance coverage, and the specific lab conducting the test.
When is NIPT Testing Done?
The ideal time for conducting NIPT Testing is between the 10th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. Before 10 weeks of pregnancy, there is usually not enough fetal DNA in the expectant individual’s bloodstream. This period includes both an early pregnancy scan and a detailed fetal anomaly scan to assess the overall health of the baby.
However, unlike other screening tests that need to be done in a definite time-window, NIPT can be done any time in pregnancy after 10 weeks.
Who Should Consider Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing?
NIPT testing, a key aspect of Fetal Medicine, is an option for all expectant mothers once they are at least 10 weeks into their pregnancy. While it’s not mandatory, it’s particularly beneficial for those who have a heightened risk of genetic disorders.
High-risk individuals typically include women aged over 35 and those who have previously given birth to a child with a trisomy. This test is also recommended for those who have received a positive report from another screening test.
Understanding NIPT Test Results
A ‘high-risk’ result indicates an increased likelihood of a chromosomal abnormality, while a ‘low-risk’ result suggests a lower likelihood. However, NIPT is a screening test, not a diagnostic one. In around 2% of cases, the test doesn’t provide a result. This isn’t because there’s something wrong with the baby, but rather due to technical issues with analyzing the sample. If this happens, you have the option to retake the test for free. If you choose to do this, there’s a 65% chance that you’ll get a result from the repeated test. In simpler terms, sometimes the test fails due to technical reasons, but it can be redone at no extra cost and there’s a good chance it will work the second time around.
If the NIPT results indicate a high risk of chromosomal abnormalities, further diagnostic testing like amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is recommended.
Why Choose Ankuran Clinic for NIPT Testing?
Ankuran Clinic, located in Sector V, Kolkata, is renowned for its expertise in conducting NIPT tests. As a top fertility centre, it offers a comprehensive range of assisted reproductive techniques under one roof. Their commitment to care, compassion, and cure makes them an excellent choice for expectant parents seeking NIPT testing.
The experts at Ankuran Clinic are highly experienced and have a proven track record of success. They understand the importance of accurate results and will provide a comprehensive report with our findings. Ankuran Clinic is a great choice for NIPT testing.
FAQs
We’ve compiled a list of frequently asked questions about NIPT, providing a crucial understanding of the procedure to aid individuals in their decision-making process.
How Much Fetal DNA is Needed for NIPT?
For accurate NIPT results, the fetal fraction, which is the proportion of cell-free DNA from the fetus compared to the total cell-free DNA in the mother’s bloodstream, must be at least 4%.
Does the NIPT Test Reveal Gender in India?
While NIPT can determine the sex of a fetus, it’s important to note that revealing the sex of a fetus before birth is illegal and a punishable offense in India. Therefore, doctors in India will not disclose a baby’s gender during any pregnancy scan, screening, or diagnostic test.
What Is the Best Time to Take the NIPT Test?
The optimal time for conducting NIPT testing is between the 10th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. This is when there is enough fetal DNA in the mother’s circulation for accurate testing.
Is NIPT More Accurate Than Ultrasound?
Yes, NIPT is generally more accurate than ultrasound for detecting genetic abnormalities. It’s essential to note that NIPT acts as a screening tool, not a diagnostic one.
Which Lab Is Best for The NIPT Test in Kolkata?
There are several labs in Kolkata that offer NIPT testing. Ankuran Clinic is well known for its expertise in NIPT tests and many more fertility treatments. Their commitment to care, compassion, and cure makes them an excellent choice for expectant parents seeking NIPT testing. Other notable labs include Apollo Diagnostics and Dr Lal PathLabs.
Conclusion
NIPT testing, a significant advancement in prenatal care, offers invaluable benefits such as early detection of genetic abnormalities and peace of mind for expectant parents. As we journey through the exciting path of parenthood, considering NIPT testing, especially at renowned clinics like Ankuran, can contribute to a healthier pregnancy journey.
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